LOCOMOTIVES, STEAM LOCOMOTIVE OF THE SERIES kkStb 229/JDŽ/JŽ 116

Steam locomotive of the series kkStb 229/JDŽ/JŽ 116 The period of steam locomotives in Croatia lasted for 126 years, between 1860 – when through Croatian territory railway traffic was established between Kotoriba and Čakovec, as part of the railway track Budapest - Nagykanizsa– Pragersko – and 1988 when the last steam locomotive was withdrawn from traffic. In that period railway traffic in Croatia was operated with the total of 83 series of steam locomotives, built throughout the world. This is due to the fact that throughout history the jurisdiction over building railway tracks and managing the railway system were in hands of different railway managements that procured tow vehicles in accordance with their own traffic policies. In the beginning, on first Croatian railway track built between 1860 and1865 between Kotoriba and Čakovec, Zidani Most and Zagreb and Zagreb and Karlovac, passenger trains were towed by three axle locomotives marked SüdB 18 and SüdB 19, built by Austrian engineers. Steam locomotives of Hungarian State Railway (MÁV) were introduced in 1870 when the railway Zákány – Zagreb South Railway Station (today's Zagreb Western Railway Station) was built. Among first locomotives was the one marked MÁV 441, which in 1873 towed the first train from Budapest to Rijeka. On the first railway track built by Austrians in 1877 in Dalmatia between Split and Siverić with the extension toward Šibenik, which was in 1888 further extended to Knin, the Association of South Railways performed the service with six locomotives from the series kkStB 37/JŽ 121. The service on the vicinity Zagorje Railway between Zaprešić, Varaždin and Čakovec with the extension toward Krapina, was operated by Hungarian locomotives marked MÁV 373 and MÁV 374. The locomotives of both series were built with open cab without side glass windows and could develop maximum speed of 45 km/h. Later development in locomotive building was aimed at producing more powerful and faster engines that could satisfy always more demanding transport needs in passenger and freight traffic. Accordingly, the locomotive vehicle fleet in Croatia was systematically renewed and modernised. However, in spite of that, the development of electric and diesel tow vehicles with whose technical and exploitation features the steam locomotives could not compete, brought an end to further use of steam towing. In Croatia the substitution of steam towing was gradually introduced since the middle of the 20th century. By 1980 the steam towing was abolished on main railways, and on secondary railways steam locomotives were sporadically used until 1988. Steam locomotive of the series kkStb 229/JDŽ/JŽ 116 Locomotive from the series were locomotives of Austrian State Railway. They were built between 1902 and 1920 for towing of fast and passenger trains on short distances. They were marked: kkStB 129, 229 and 29, and were built in locomotive factories in Vienna and in Prague. From 1903 the se locomotives were introduced in passenger traffic on railways in Slovenia, and after 1918 also in Croatia - through Metlika to Karlovac and on the railway extension Kanfanar – Rovinj. After Second World War the remaining locomotives from the series were allocated to railway management in Zagreb. Introduced into tow traffic, they greatly contributed to the building of railway Lupoglav – Štalije, and were used also as industrial locomotives. Power of the locomotive was 368 kW (500 KSi), its length 11.766 mm, i.e. 12.036 mm (after 1912), its weight in operation 67.1 t and the highest permitted speed 80 km/h. Helena Bunijevac